Oil cooler and filter



May 23, 1939. F. F. KlsHLlNE er AL l OIL COOLER AND FILTER Fiied May 2e, 1937 d nl fl. 7

' Patented May 23, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE E COOLER AND FILTER Floyd F. xishnne, Birmingham, ma George- T..

Reynolds, Detroit, Mich.

Application May 26,

3 Claims.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines andparticularly to means foreffecting'a transfer of heat between the lubricating oil for the engine and the fluid circulated through the cooling system for the engine, as well as to filter such lubricating oil -in order to remove impurities therefrom, the principal object being the provisionof means of lthis type that is simple in construction, eiiicient in operation andAeconornical to produce.

Objects of the invention include the provision ofmeans including a chamber having a wall thereof common to the cooling fluid circulating system for an internal combustion engine wherel5, by to effect a transfer of heat between the lubricating oil and the cooling fluid through such Wall; the provision of a construction as above described in which the water jacket for the engine serves as a common wall between the circulating cooling fluid for the engine and a chamber for reception of lubricating oil, such water jacket being so constructed and arranged overthe area of the chamber as to enhance the transfer of heat therethrough; the provision of a structure as above de- '25 scribed in which the chamber for the lubricating oilis formed mainly by a pan-like device secured to the outer face of the engine water jacket; the provision of *a device of the type described in which the lubricating oil is introduced into the lubricating chamber at a point adjacent the bottom thereof, and is discharged therefrom ata point adjacent the top thereof by means of a duct formed integrally with the pan-like member; the provision of a construction as above described in 35 which a filtering element is removably mounted within the lubricating oil chamber and in a posiy tion to necessitate the flow oflubricating oil through the chamber passing therethrough; the provision of a unitary filtering element for a dey 40 vice of the type described. having certain novel features of construction; and the provision of an internal combustion engine having a combined oil filter and oil cooler mounted thereon and including certain novel features of construction.

'I'he above being among the objects of the present invention the same consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawing, and then claimed,

-50 ,having the above and other objectsin view.

In the accompanying drawing which shows a .suitable embodiment of the present invention and in which like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several different views,

, Figure 1 is a partially broken side elevational 1937, serial No. 144,894

(ci. 21o- 131) vview of an internal combustion engine having a combined oil filter and cooler mounted upon a side wall thereof in accordance with the practices of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary, vertical sectional view taken transversely of the engine shown in Fig. 1 as on the line A2-2 thereof and showing the construction of the oil cooler and filter and of the adjacent portion of the engine in greater 1 detail;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but taken on the line 3 3 of Fig, 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary, partially broken, partially sectioned side view ofthe engine shown in Fig. land particularly that portion thereof embodying the oil cooler and lter constituting the subject-matter of the present invention;

Fig. fris a fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4; I

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the oil filtering unit employed in the construction shown in the preceding views;

Fig. 'l is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken through a portion of the wall of an oil filter unit or cartridge such as indicated in Fig. 6 but embodying a slightly modified form of construction.

'Ihe present invention relates to that type of devices adapted to cool and filter the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine, the desirability of which is vwell recognized in connection with modern internal combustion engines of the high speed type such as are commonly employed in connection with automobiles. For ease of description only the device will be hereinafter mainly referred to as an oil cooler, as one of its main functions will be the abstraction of heat from the lubricating oil, but it will be understood both in the description and the claims that under certain conditions of operation there will be a transfer of heat from the circulating cooling fluid for the engine to the lubricating oil, this particularly occurring in cold weather and particularlyin connection with internal combustion engines having a thermostatically controlled cooling iiuid circulating system wherein the cooling fluid within the usual water jacket of the engine will be relatively quickly brought up to operating temperatures while the oil may still remain sufciently cold under certain conditions to be sluggish in its action and under which circumstances it is desirable to effect a transfer of heat from the cooling fluid to the lubricating oil.

Referring to Fig. 1, an internal combustion enrespect to the various cylinders 22'for the purpose tional practice.

and crank case indicatedA generally at III, a Qylim 'der head indicated generally at I2 which for .the

purpose of illustration may be considered as being provided with an overhead cam shaft (not shown) v the combined vcrank case and cylinder block Ill is interiorly provided with a plurality of cylinders a portion of one of which is indicated at, 22 in Fig. 2, and that a water jacket 24 is arranged in surrounding and generally spaced relation with of enabling suitablecoling liquid. such as water;

` to be circulated about the cylinders 22 by means; of

a pump (not shown) in accordance with: conven- In accordance with the present invention` a portion of the area of the water jacket 24, preflerably at one side of the engine and preferably adjacent the lower edge thereof, is provided with a shallow pocket 26 formed therein. The area of the pocket 26 is not at all-critical but inasmuch as the-transfer of heat between the lubricating oil and the cooling uid for the engine is to be transmitted through the bottom or inner wall of the pocket its area should be suilicient, when taken in connection with the `heatconcluctivity of that portion of .the water jacket` forme ing the bottom of the pocket andthe expected difference in temperatures of the cooling water and the lubricating oil, to permit the desired rate oi' heat transfer from the oil to the water in the Jacket 24. As will be obvious it is not necessary that the pocketA 26 be'actually projected into a wall of the water jacket 24 as the same eiiect will be'prorvided by forming a ribsuch as the rib 26 on the exterior face of the water jacket 24 arolmd the margins of the pocket which it vis desired to form. The eifect, however, obtained by forming the pocket' 26 by means of arib such as 26 will, of course, be identical to-that obtained by actually de the bottom 26 inwardly with v to the general plane'of the water iacket44 except that there will be no restriction over such area inthe water jacket to the flow of the cooling water therepast. The outer'face of the rib 26 is preferably machined to give it a smooth fiat condition necessary to' provide a suitable seating surface and received thereonis the correspondingly shaped'gasket 36 which in turn receives the marginal anges of a cartridge type filtering unit indicated-generally at 62, followed by a second gasket 34 identical to the gasket 136 and which in turn receives Athe marginal ila-iure 'portion 36 of a sheet metal nan-like cover or 'housing member 36 which encloses'the filtering element 32, theiiange 66 being sealed to the marginal flanges of the ltering unit 32. and the mar-v ginal iianges of the filtering unit 32 being sealed its normal position as a unit, comprises a paniike member 42 lpreferably formed from relatively thin sheet metal and provided with an integral continuous outwardly projecting marginal nange portion 44 around its open face. 'I'he open face 2,159,558 gine 1s shown including a combined cylinder mock of the pan-like portion 42 is closed bya preferably flat plate 46 whose contour is preferably identical to the outer margins of the iiange 44 of the pan-.like member 42 and is arranged in matching relation with" respect thereto. plate 46 may be secured to the ilange 44 in any suitable manner such as spot welding and pref-- erably so as to maintain the plate 46 yandpan like member 42 permanently fixed together. The interior of the chamber thus formed between the pan-likemember 42 and the cover 46 i s preferably completely filled with a suitable ltering material 46 which maybe of a fibrous nature, such as cotton or the like, or anyother suitable nature permeable to'the iiow of 'oil therethrough and of a character favorable to separation and retention of foreign particles carried by the lubricating oil flowing through it. The cover member 46 overthat area thereof commensurate with the internal dimensions of the pan 42 is provided with a plurality of apertures or perfora-v tions 60 therethrough and the bottom or inner side wall ofthe pan-like member42 is provided witha corresponding number of apertures or per'- forati'ons 52 therethrough,` it being understood The that the apertures or perforations and 52 are preferably arranged in such numbers and spacing overtheir respective members as to permit a substantially uniform filtration of lubricating oil .through the filtering member 46.

It will be noted that the pan-like member 42 is materially smaller than the pan-like member .36 so that an ample space for the iiow of oil between 'them exists .between all of their major surfaces. Additionally it will be noted particularly from an inspection of Figs. 3, 4 and -5 that the panlike cover member 36 is provided adjacent one end thereof in its bottom or vertically disposed wall and in its lower side wall with. a trough 66 pressed outwardly therein and the-inner face of the trough 6I). except as hereinafterdescribed, is closed by a plate or strip of metal 62 overlying the inner wall' surfaces of the pan-like member 36 along the opposite margins of the trough 66 so as to form with the vtrough 66 -a duct 64 which serves as a sort of a' standpipe for the overiiow and discharge oi' oil from the cooler and filter.

The strip 62-stops short of thetop wall f the covermember 36, as illustrated best in Figs.' 3

and 4, so as to form an inlet opening 66 leading into the upper end of the duct 64. As best'illustrated in Figs. 3 and 6 the iiange 3610i.' the panlike`member 36 alt the bottom of the member 36 where the ductA 64 connects with it is perforated as at.66.to provide an outlet for the duct 64, and the gaskets u and 30. theiiange 44 on the panlike. member 42 of the filter element, andv the marginv of the, plate 4 6 yare correspondingly apertured in alignment with the aperture 66 so as to' permit the ow of oil therethrough. As indicated in` Fig. 3 the cylinder block I6 is provided with a passage 16 formed therein in alignment with the aperture 66 and .matching apertures above mentioned and which passage 'I6 extends downwardly in the block III and -opens into the crank case portion thereof.

Although any suitable means may be provided in accordance with the present invention for supplying lubricating oil under pressure to theinterior of the pocket 26, the following described means is illustrative of the suitable construction.

A usual and suitably driven oil pump 'III is positioned in the lower portion of the oil pan I6 and is driven in any suitable or conventional manner. As indicated in Fig. 4 the pump 16 is provided with a vertically directed oil discharge passage 12 which is connected by means of a cross-passage 14 with an oil gallery 16 extending longitudinally. of the engine and in the particular case shown Iwithin a side wall thereof. It will be understood that the oil gallery 16 is provided with branch passages (not shown) leading to various bearing surfaces, such as the crank shaft bearings, for instance, of the engine for the purpose of supplying the same with lubricant. As indicated in Figs. 2 and 4, adjacent that end of the pocket 26 remotefromthe end of the pan-like cover member 36 in which the duct 64 is provided, passages 18 and 86 communicate the interior of the oil gallery 16 with the bottom of the pocket 26. The size of either the passage 18 or' 80 may be such as to permit the desired flow of oil from the gallery 16 to the pocket 26 but it will ordinarily be found preferable to make these passages larger than required and to insert a removable oriflce member such as the member 82 in one of them to control the flow of lubricant to the volume desired and which volume may be,

for instance, of the total volume of lubricating oil delivered by the pump 10 under conditions of normal operation and at a predetermined speed of the engine. i

It will be understood from the foregoing that lubricating oil under lpressure is fed from the gallery 16 through the orifice member 82 and passages 16 and 88 to the interior of the pocket 26 and between the bottom or back wall of the pocket and the plate 46, to the filtering element 32. Because of the fact that the discharge opening 66 is adjacent the top of the device, the` lubricating' oil which enters the pocket 26 Amust necessarily flow to approximately the top thereof during operation and in event any air is entrapped within the device such air will be forced upwardly by the entrance of the oil and forced out of the discharge opening 66 through the ducts 64 and 10 into the crank case of the engine where it may be disposed of in the usual manner. The oil which thusfills the pocketv 26 passes through the various apertures 58 in the plate 46, passes through the filtering material 48 and thence through the apertures 52 in the outer or bottom wall of the pan-like member 42 into the space between the pan-like member 42 and the panlike member 38 and then flows out of the discharge opening 66 through the ducts 64 and 18 back through the crank case to the oil pan I6, where it vcomrningles with the other oil in the oil pan and is eventually re-circulated by the pump 10. Because of the fact that the oil outlet 66 is positioned at the top of the device and the various apertures 50 and 52 are evenly distributed over their respective surfaces, it will be apparent that a uniform flow ofoil is assured through the ltering material 48, thus permitting it to operate under its fullest efficiency. The oil flowing into the pocket 26, becauseof the shallow nature of the pocket 26, is distributed in" a relatively thin film over the bottom or inner wall of the pocket 26 and thus in a form which is favorable to the rapid transfer of heat between the oil and the cooling fiuid within the jacket 24 through the bottom wall of the pocket 26. In order to enhance this 4transfer of heat between the oil and the cooling fluid within the water jacket it is preferable, although not necessary, to provide bafliing 'means in the pocket 26 inthe form of a plurality of spaced ribs 86 integral with the water jacket and arranged in generally staggered relation, of a height substantially equal to the depth ofthe pocket 26, and soarranged as to cause the oil flowing through the pocket 26 to travel in a tortuous path, thus obtaining a scrubbing action of the oil against the bottom wall of the pocket which, as is well understood in the art will enhance the transfer of heat between the oil and such wall. 'I'he ribs 66 also act as fins to increase the area of the water jacket surface exposed to contact with the oil and thus act to increase the transfer of heat from the oil through the 'water jacket. Additionally it will be noted that the outer surfaces of the pan-like member 28 are exposed to the cooling effects of the air surrounding the engine and, accordingly, an additional heat transfer will occur through the panlike member 36 between the oil therein and the air surrounding the pan-like member and this effect may be increased if desired byproviding the pan-like member 38 with external ribs such as are commonly employed to increase the heat radiating area of a body.

It may be noted that because of the fact that the filtering element 32 when once immersed in oil within the device is subjected to a relatively small differential of pressure between its opposite sides, it may be'made of relatively light material. Furthermore, it will be observed that the flltering element 32 is readily removable from the engine so as to permit its ready replacement thereby to permit the presence of a fully operative filtering device in the engine at all times at a relatively small expense.

Where the character of the filtering material 48 employed in the filtering element 32 is such that there may be a tendency for it to pack down in the lower portion thereof, it may be desirable to provide some means for maintaining it in its intended relation at all times. One simple means of providing against the downward packing of the material 48 is illustrated in Fig. 6 in which a portion of a pan-like member 42', corresponding to the pan-like member 42 previously described, is shown as being provided with apertures 52 corresponding to the apertures 52 previously described. Iii this case the metal which is displaced from the pan-like member 42' in forming the aperture 52 is drawn inwardly as illustrated at 88 to form an inwardly projecting collar surrounding the aperture 52, this collar preferably being of a sufficient length as to project a material distance into the filtering material 48 and thereby act to properly suspend it in intended position within the filtering unit. The opening in the cover for the member 42', corresponding to the cover or plate 46, will, of course, have collars similar to the collars 90 surrounding them for the above mentioned reasons in such case.

Formal changes may be made in the specific embodiment of the invention described without departing from the spirit or substance of vthe broad invention, the scope of which is commensurate with the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. An article of manufacture comprising a pressed metal pan-like member having an outwardly directed marginal flange at the open side thereof, the bottom wall and one' of the side walls of said member having intercommunicating grooves formed therein, and plate means sealed to said bottom and side in bridging relationI with respect to said groove whereby to form, with the walls of said groove, a duct.

2. An article of manufacture comprising an open sided container provided with an outwardly directed marginal flange around the open side wherebyto provide with said groove a duct openl to the interior of said container at the top end thereof and' terminating at said ange 'at the bottom thereof, andv said 'flange being grooved inv continuation of said wall groove to provide communication with the interior of said duct.

3. As an article `of manufacture a sheet metal pan having a bottom wall provided with a multi- Vplicity of openings therethrough, van inwardly projecting collar portion integral with; said wall varazsiss about each, of said `open'iligsl a ange integral with said pan and surrounding the marginal portions of the open side thereof, a relatively ilat cover for said pan overlying the open side thereof and fixed to'said 112.1180, said cover havinga multiplicity of openings therethrough opening vinto said panfcollars formed integrally with said cover and projecting inwardly thereof with respect to said pan around each of said openings therein, and a mass of relatively .loose brous material iillingl said pan, the inter-'engagement between the aforementioned 'collars and said Afibrous material tending to maintain said iibrous material against packing in said pan when said Span is arrangedwith the plane of the `open side thereof in-a generally vertical direction.

GEORGE L. REYNOLDS. 

